What do you mean by Geological Maps? Explain types of Geological maps.

The geological maps are the thematic maps which shows the geological information of a specific area in certain scale with reference to north consisting of lithological variation (soil type and rock type), geological structures and the orientation of geological stratas.

There are generally two basic types of Geological Maps:

• Surface Maps

• Sub-surface Maps.

The Surface Maps are compiled from the surface geological data whereas the Subsurface Maps are compiled from the borings, well logs, geophysical surveys, and exploration of the surface data.

The Surface Maps are very useful to civil engineers because they shows the character and distribution of surface materials such as outcrops, i.e, places where bedrock is exposed, or both outcrops and soils on such maps are identified according to the origin, such as glacial, alluvial etc.

The geological maps are the thematic maps which shows the geological information of a specific area in certain scale with reference to north consisting of lithological variation (soil type and rock type), geological structures and the orientation of geological stratas.

There are generally two basic types of Geological Maps:

• Surface Maps

• Sub-surface Maps.

The Surface Maps are compiled from the surface geological data whereas the Subsurface Maps are compiled from the borings, well logs, geophysical surveys, and exploration of the surface data.

The Surface Maps are very useful to civil engineers because they shows the character and distribution of surface materials such as outcrops, i.e, places where bedrock is exposed, or both outcrops and soils on such maps are identified according to the origin, such as glacial, alluvial etc.